H.320 H.320 is an standard recommended by the  ITU-T ( International Telecommunication Union )  for running Multimedia (Audio/Video/Data) over  ISDN  based networks. The main protocols present in this suite are  H.221 ,  H.230 ,  H.242 , for audio  codecs  i.e.  G.711 , and for video  codecs  i.e.   H.261  and  H.263 . H.320 is formally named as  Narrow-band  visual telephone systems and terminal equipment which specifies the  technical requirements typically for   videoconferencing  and  videophone  services. Narrow-band for this specification is described as bit rates ranging from 64 kbit/s to 1920 kbit/s. This channel capacity may be provided as a single B/H0/H11/H12-channel or multiple B/H0-channels in ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Networking ). H.261 is mandatory for any enhanced H.320 system with video capability.   If a visua...

Gain The term Gain can be defined as the ratio of output to input  voltage  ( voltage gain ),  current  ( current gain ) or  electric power  ( power gain ). Gain is a unit of measurement i.e. the ratio of a signal output of a system to the signal input of the system. Gain is a term associated with  amplifiers . It is expressed using the  logarithmic   decibel  (dB) units (dB gain). Gain  is a proportion of the capacity of a  two-port   circuit  (often an  amplifier ) to increase the  power  or  amplitude  of a  signal  from the input to the output port   by adding energy converted from some  power supply  to the signal. Power Gain where , P denotes Power. Voltage Gain                                 where, V denotes Voltage,      ...

Facsimile Facsimile is additionally called fax (also known as Telefacsimile or telefax ). It is the telephonic transmission of checked literature (both content and pictures), regularly to a phone number associated with a printer or other yield gadget. A fax, is the transmission of a report or picture starting with one place then onto the next, electronically. The report to be sent is filtered and sent over a phone or Internet association. A consolidated scanner and transmitter is generally known as a fax machine. A fax transmits information electronically over a system association. Initially this system association was a simple phone line, yet now the Internet is likewise being utilized for this reason. A report to be sent is treated as a picture, examined and changed over into bits and transmitted over the line by the copy machine. The copy machine on the less than desirable end takes the entire message as far as bits and afterward changes over it into picture. This pictu...

E3   referred to the  Electronic Entertainment Expo . It is a premier trade event for the  video game industry for many  developers ,  publishers , and hardware and accessory manufacturers to introduce and advertise upcoming games and game-related merchandise to retailers and members of the press. It is organized by the  Entertainment Software Association  (ESA). E3 is considered to be the biggest gaming news expo of the year in North America. This event formally provides an exhibition floor for developers, publishers, and manufacturers to showcase titles and products to be sold in the upcoming year. The first event was held from May 11–13, 1995 at the  Los Angeles Convention Center . Before the event, the largest publishers and hardware manufacturers hold an long-hour press conference to outline their offerings that will be on display,   which feature announcements of new games and products. How It came to  an existence? ...

Digital to Analog Converter    (DAC) DAC stand for Digital to Analog Converter . It  is a system that converts a  digital signal  into an  analog signal . Example, When you hear digital recordings, you’re actually listening to an analog signal that was converted from digital by a DAC.                 DACs are commonly used in  music players  to convert digital data streams into analog audio signals. They are also used in  televisions  and  mobile phones  to convert digital video data into analog video signals which connect to the screen drivers to display monochrome or color images.             Any time a signal is converted from one format to another, there is a potential loss of quality. Therefore, it is important to have a high-quality DAC whether you are converting audio or video signals. Applications 1.    ...

C programming language is a structured programming language, developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories in 1972 . It has been written in assembly language , belonging to  middle level programming language . It’s features were derived from an earlier language called “B” (Basic Combined Programming Language – BCPL) . C language was invented for implementing UNIX operating system . In 1978, Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan published the first edition “The C Programming Language” and commonly known as K&R C . In 1983, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) established a committee to provide a modern, comprehensive definition of C.  The resulting definition, the ANSI standard , or “ANSI C” , was completed late 1988. This  language is used for developing system applications that forms a major portion of operating systems such as Windows, UNIX and Linux. Some of the features of C language :- ·      ...